The Effect of Supervision and Work Environment on Employee Work Discipline at Type a Tirtonadi Terminal Surakarta

Abstract

This study examines the effect of supervision and the work environment on employee work discipline at Type A Terminal Tirtonadi Surakarta. The study responds to the operational characteristics of a 24-hour public transportation terminal, where employee attendance, compliance with standard operating procedures, and continuous presence at operational posts are essential to service reliability. A quantitative survey design was employed. The population comprised 116 employees, and 90 respondents were selected using simple random sampling after the Slovin formula was applied at a 5% margin of error. Data were collected through a five-point Likert questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, an F-test, and the coefficient of determination. The instruments were valid and reliable, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.906 for supervision, 0.918 for the work environment, and 0.940 for work discipline. The regression equation was Y = -0.200 + 0.793X1 + 0.363X2 + e. Supervision had a positive and significant effect on work discipline (B = 0.793; t = 5.663; p < 0.001), while the work environment also had a positive and significant effect (B = 0.363; t = 3.042; p = 0.003). Simultaneously, the model was significant (F = 245.713; p < 0.001), with an Adjusted R² of 0.865. These findings indicate that disciplined public service behavior at Tirtonadi Terminal is strongly associated with systematic supervisory practices and a supportive physical and social work environment.